Backend - Stack Tecnológico

O backend do Módulo Empreendedorismo é construído com Django e Django REST Framework, seguindo boas práticas de desenvolvimento Python.

Tecnologias Principais

Tecnologia	Versão	Função
Python	3.11+	Linguagem de programação
Django	5.x	Framework web
Django REST Framework	3.x	API REST
PostgreSQL	16	Banco de dados
Redis	7	Cache e message broker
Celery	5.x	Processamento assíncrono
MinIO	-	Armazenamento S3-compatible

Dependências

requirements.txt

# Framework
Django>=5.0
djangorestframework>=3.14
django-cors-headers>=4.3

# Autenticação
djangorestframework-simplejwt>=5.3

# Database
psycopg2-binary>=2.9

# Task Queue
celery>=5.3
redis>=5.0

# Storage
django-storages>=1.14
boto3>=1.34

# Documentation
drf-spectacular>=0.27

# Utils
python-dotenv>=1.0
Pillow>=10.2
gunicorn>=21.2

Estrutura de Aplicações

backend/
├── apps/
│   ├── accounts/           # Autenticação e usuários
│   ├── entrepreneurs/      # Empreendedores
│   ├── structuring_agents/ # Agentes estruturadores
│   ├── business_plans/     # Planos de negócio
│   ├── managers/           # Gestores
│   ├── notifications/      # Sistema de emails
│   └── reports/            # Relatórios
├── core/                   # Configurações Django
│   ├── settings.py
│   ├── urls.py
│   ├── celery.py
│   └── storage_backends.py
├── templates/              # Templates de email
├── manage.py
└── requirements.txt

Configurações Principais

Django Settings

core/settings.py

# Custom User Model
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'accounts.User'

# Internationalization
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'pt-br'
TIME_ZONE = 'America/Sao_Paulo'

# REST Framework
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework_simplejwt.authentication.JWTAuthentication',
    ],
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated',
    ],
    'DEFAULT_SCHEMA_CLASS': 'drf_spectacular.openapi.AutoSchema',
}

# JWT Settings
SIMPLE_JWT = {
    'ACCESS_TOKEN_LIFETIME': timedelta(hours=1),
    'REFRESH_TOKEN_LIFETIME': timedelta(days=7),
    'ROTATE_REFRESH_TOKENS': True,
}

Celery Configuration

core/celery.py

from celery import Celery

app = Celery('core')
app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings', namespace='CELERY')

# Filas configuradas
task_queues = {
    'default': {},    # Tarefas gerais
    'emails': {},     # Envio de emails
    'reports': {},    # Geração de relatórios
}

# Beat Schedule (tarefas agendadas)
beat_schedule = {
    'process-account-deletion-requests': {
        'task': 'accounts.process_account_deletion_requests',
        'schedule': crontab(hour=0, minute=0),  # Diariamente
    }
}

MinIO Storage

core/storage_backends.py

from storages.backends.s3boto3 import S3Boto3Storage

class MinIOStorage(S3Boto3Storage):
    bucket_name = 'media'
    file_overwrite = False

Padrões de Código

ViewSets

from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
from .models import BusinessPlan
from .serializers import BusinessPlanSerializer
from .permissions import CanViewBusinessPlan

class BusinessPlanViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = BusinessPlan.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BusinessPlanSerializer
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, CanViewBusinessPlan]

    def get_queryset(self):
        return self.queryset.filter(entrepreneur__user=self.request.user)

Serializers

from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import BusinessPlan

class BusinessPlanSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = BusinessPlan
        fields = '__all__'
        read_only_fields = ['id', 'created_at', 'updated_at']

    def validate(self, data):
        # Validações customizadas
        return data

Permissions

from rest_framework.permissions import BasePermission

class CanViewBusinessPlan(BasePermission):
    def has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):
        # Empreendedor pode ver apenas seus planos
        if hasattr(request.user, 'entrepreneur'):
            return obj.entrepreneur.user == request.user
        # Agente pode ver planos em revisão
        if hasattr(request.user, 'structuringagent'):
            return obj.status in ['UNDER_REVIEW', 'IN_MENTORSHIP']
        return False

Comandos de Gerenciamento

# Criar superusuário
python manage.py createsuperuser

# Executar migrations
python manage.py migrate

# Seed de dados
python manage.py seed
python manage.py seed_all

# Configurar MinIO
python manage.py setup_minio

# Executar servidor de desenvolvimento
python manage.py runserver

# Executar Celery worker
celery -A core worker -l info -Q default,reports

# Executar Celery Beat
celery -A core beat -l info

Documentação da API

A documentação da API é gerada automaticamente com drf-spectacular:

• Swagger UI: http://localhost:8000/api/docs/
• ReDoc: http://localhost:8000/api/redoc/
• OpenAPI Schema: http://localhost:8000/api/schema/